R 플롯 : 균일하지 않은 숫자에 대한 틱 사이의 균일 한 거리

I will strike a different note by saying: don't. In my experience, the harder something is to do in ggplot2 (and to a lesser extent, base graphics), the less likely it is to be a good idea. Here, the problem is that consistently changing the scales like is more likely to lead the viewer astray.

Instead, I recommend using a log scale and manually setting your cutoffs.

First, here is some longer data, just to cover the full likely scale of your question:

longerTest <-
  data.frame(
    Year = rep(1:9, times = 6) * rep(10^(3:8), each = 9)
    , T = rnorm(6*9))

Then, I picked some cutoffs to place the labels at in the plot. These can be adjusted to whatever you want, but are at least a starting point for reasonably spaced ticks:

forLabels <-
  rep(c(1,2,5), times = 6) * rep(10^(3:8), each = 3)

Then, I manually set some things to append to the labels. Thus, instead of having to say "Thousands of years" under part of the axis, you can just label those with a "k". Each order of magnitude gets a value. Nnote that the names are just to help keep things straight: below I just use the index to match. So, if you skip the first two, you will need to adjust the indexing below.

toAppend <-
  c("1" = "0"
    , "2" = "00"
    , "3" = "k"
    , "4" = "0k"
    , "5" = "00k"
    , "6" = "M"
    , "7" = "0M"
    , "8" = "00M")

Then, I change my forLabels into the text versions I want to use by grabbing the first digit, and concatenating with the correct suffix from above.

myLabels <-
  paste0(
    substr(as.character(forLabels), 1, 1)
    , toAppend[floor(log10(forLabels))]
  )

This gives:

 [1] "1k"   "2k"   "5k"   "10k"  "20k"  "50k"  "100k" "200k" "500k" "1M"   "2M"  
[12] "5M"   "10M"  "20M"  "50M"  "100M" "200M" "500M"

기본 그래픽에이를 사용할 수 있지만 원하는 작업을 수행하기 위해 로그 스케일을 얻는 것이 때때로 까다 롭습니다. 대신 ggplot2솔루션에 열려 있다고 말 했으므로이 답변 에서 수정 된 로그 스케일 을 가져와 큰 것에서 작은 것까지 실행되는 로그 스케일을 얻었습니다.

library("scales")
reverselog_trans <- function(base = exp(1)) {
  trans <- function(x) -log(x, base)
  inv <- function(x) base^(-x)
  trans_new(paste0("reverselog-", format(base)), trans, inv, 
            log_breaks(base = base), 
            domain = c(1e-100, Inf))
}

그런 다음 데이터를 전달하고 원하는 중단으로 스케일을 설정하십시오.

ggplot(longerTest
       , aes(x = Year
             , y = T)) +
  geom_line() +
  scale_x_continuous(
    breaks = forLabels
    , labels = myLabels
    , trans=reverselog_trans(10)
  )

제공 :

척도는 일관되지만 훨씬 더 균일하게 레이블이 지정됩니다.

색상을 원하는 경우 다음을 사용하여 수행 할 수 있습니다 cut.

ggplot(longerTest
       , aes(x = Year
             , y = T
             , col = cut(log10(Year)
                         , breaks = c(3,6,9)
                         , labels = c("Thousands", "Millions")
                         , include.lowest = TRUE)
             , group = 1
             )) +
  geom_line() +
  scale_x_continuous(
    breaks = forLabels
    , labels = myLabels
    , trans=reverselog_trans(10)
  ) +
  scale_color_brewer(palette = "Set1"
                     , name = "How long ago?")

다음은 facet_wrap다른 스케일을 만드는 데 사용하는 버전 입니다. 여기서 6을 사용했지만 대신 원하는 임계 값을 설정할 수 있습니다.

longerTest$Period <-
  cut(log10(longerTest$Year)
      , breaks = c(3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
      , labels = paste(rep(c("", "Ten", "Hundred"), times = 2)
                       , rep(c("Thousands", "Millions"), each = 3) )
      , include.lowest = TRUE)

longerTest$Period <-
  factor(longerTest$Period
        , levels =  rev(levels(longerTest$Period)))


newBreaks <-
  rep(c(2,4,6,8, 10), times = 6) * rep(10^(3:8), each = 5)

newLabels <-
  paste0(
    substr(as.character(newBreaks), 1, 1)
    , toAppend[floor(log10(newBreaks))]
  )

ggplot(longerTest
       , aes(x = Year
             , y = T
       )) +
  geom_line() +
  facet_wrap(~Period, scales = "free_x") +
  scale_x_reverse(
    breaks = newBreaks
    , labels = newLabels
  )

제공합니다 :