AFTER 또는 BEFORE를 삽입 할 검색 패턴이 주어지면 파일 중간에 awk로 줄을 삽입하려면 어떻게해야합니까?

다음 코드를 사용하여 파일을 만듭니다. 다음과 같이 저장할 수 있습니다.
insertfile.awk (또는 원하는대로)

    BEGIN{
        while ( (getline < outerfile) > 0 )
        {
            if ($0 == matchline) 
            {  
                if ("after" == includematch)
                {
                    print
                }
                if ("before" == includematch)
                {
                    holdline = $0
                }
                  while ( (getline < innerfile) > 0) 
                {
                    print
                }
                close(innerfile)
                if ("before" == includematch)
                {
                     print holdline
                     holdline = ""
                }
            }
            else
            {
                print
            }
        }
        close(outerfile)
    }

사용되는 awk 명령 줄 매개 변수는 다음과 같습니다.

-v outerfile="file1.txt"    This is the name of the file you are searching (and printing).
-v innerfile="file2.txt"    This is the name of the file you will insert when you file a match
-v matchline="Search Text"  This is what you will search for as a line in file1.txt
-v includematch="before"    Optional: insert the file, before the matchline
-v includematch="after"     Optional: insert the file, after the matchline
-v includematch=""          If "includematch" is any other value, or empty, or not present, 
                            then insert the file, REPLACING matchline.
-f "insertfile.awk"         This is the name of the awk command file.

그런 다음 사용하려면 다음과 같이 awk를 호출합니다.

awk -v outerfile="file1.txt" -v innerfile="file2.txt" -v matchline="cat" -f "insertfile.awk"  
(Read and print "file1.txt".  Search for line containing only "cat". REPLACE "cat" lines with "file2.txt"  

awk -v outerfile="file1.txt" -v innerfile="file2.txt" -v matchline="dog" -v includematch="before" -f "insertfile.awk"
(Read and print "file1.txt".  Search for line containing only "dog". Insert "file2.txt" Before matched line.

awk -v outerfile="file1.txt" -v innerfile="file2.txt" -v matchline="bird" -v includematch="after" -f "insertfile.awk"
(Read and print "file1.txt".  Search for line containing only "bird". Insert "file2.txt" After matched line.

awk 스크립트에서 다음과 같이 편집 할 수 있습니다.

Change $0 to $1 or $2 or other to match a specific word instead of the whole line.  
"hard-code" the file-names instead of outerfile and innerfile if you wish.

입력 데이터를 파일에서 가져 오는 대신 스크립트로 "파이프"하려면 다음과 같이 insertfile.awk 스크립트를 편집합니다.

        {
            if ($0 == matchline) 
            {

                if ("after" == includematch)
                {
                    print
                }
                if ("before" == includematch)
                {
                    holdline = $0
                }

                while ( (getline < innerfile) > 0) 
                {
                    print
                }
                close(innerfile)

                if ("before" == includematch)
                {
                     print holdline
                     holdline = ""
                }

            }
            else
            {
                print
            }
            close(outerfile)
        }

그런 다음 사용하려면 다음과 같이 awk를 호출합니다.

type "somefile.txt" | awk -v innerfile="file2.txt" -v matchline="cat" -f "insertfile.awk"  
(Read and print STDIN.  Search for line containing only "cat". REPLACE "cat" lines with "file2.txt"  

type "anyfile.txt" | awk -v innerfile="file2.txt" -v matchline="dog" -v includematch="before" -f "insertfile.awk"
(Read and print STDIN.  Search for line containg only "dog". Insert "file2.txt" Before matched line.

type "otherfile.txt" | awk -v innerfile="file2.txt" -v matchline="bird" -v includematch="after" -f "insertfile.awk"
(Read and print STDIN.  Search for line containg only "bird". Insert "file2.txt" After matched line.