在没有Windows.h的WIN32上编译

作为学习练习，我编写了一个标准Windows程序，该程序注册并创建一个窗口而没有显式包含Windows.h。Windows.h提取了所有标头符号，并将其放置到自定义标头中，我将其包含到源代码中。自定义标头具有类似CreateWindow和的类型定义WNDCLASSEX。

该程序cl.exe使用如下命令行编译：

cl main.cpp /link opengl32.lib gdi32.lib kernel32.lib user32.lib

据我了解，这些.lib文件是导入库，它们可以进行设置工作，以便在进程启动时从关联的DLL加载函数地址。如果直接main.cpp包含上述命令行，则可以很好地工作Windows.h。但是，cl.exe即使在命令行中指定了关联的导入库时，包含自定义标头时也无法将所有函数调用链接到Windows API中（未解决的外部符号错误）。

是否有某种特殊情况下的魔术cl.exe专门为表演Windows.h？在这种情况下，需要什么步骤来确保正确的链接？

这是我可以构造的最小示例：

typedef unsigned __int64 UINT_PTR, *PUINT_PTR;
typedef __int64 LONG_PTR, *PLONG_PTR;
typedef UINT_PTR            WPARAM;
typedef LONG_PTR            LPARAM;
typedef LONG_PTR            LRESULT;
typedef int                 INT;
typedef unsigned int        UINT;
typedef char CHAR;
typedef unsigned short      WORD;
#define CONST const
#define DECLARE_HANDLE(name) struct name##__{int unused;}; typedef struct name##__ *name
DECLARE_HANDLE(HWND);
DECLARE_HANDLE(HINSTANCE);
DECLARE_HANDLE(HICON);
DECLARE_HANDLE(HCURSOR);
DECLARE_HANDLE(HBRUSH);
DECLARE_HANDLE(HMODULE);
typedef unsigned __int64 ULONG_PTR, *PULONG_PTR;
typedef CHAR *NPSTR, *LPSTR, *PSTR;
typedef CONST CHAR *LPCSTR, *PCSTR;
#define CALLBACK    __stdcall
#define WINAPI      __stdcall
typedef LRESULT (CALLBACK* WNDPROC)(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
#define DECLSPEC_IMPORT __declspec(dllimport)
#define WINUSERAPI DECLSPEC_IMPORT
#define WINBASEAPI DECLSPEC_IMPORT
#define CS_VREDRAW          0x0001
#define CS_HREDRAW          0x0002
#define CS_OWNDC            0x0020
#define MAKEINTRESOURCEA(i) ((LPSTR)((ULONG_PTR)((WORD)(i))))
#define MAKEINTRESOURCE  MAKEINTRESOURCEA
#define IDC_ARROW           MAKEINTRESOURCE(32512)
#define NULL 0
typedef WORD                ATOM;   //BUGBUG - might want to remove this from minwin

typedef struct tagWNDCLASSEXA {
    UINT        cbSize;
    /* Win 3.x */
    UINT        style;
    WNDPROC     lpfnWndProc;
    int         cbClsExtra;
    int         cbWndExtra;
    HINSTANCE   hInstance;
    HICON       hIcon;
    HCURSOR     hCursor;
    HBRUSH      hbrBackground;
    LPCSTR      lpszMenuName;
    LPCSTR      lpszClassName;
    /* Win 4.0 */
    HICON       hIconSm;
} WNDCLASSEXA, *PWNDCLASSEXA, *NPWNDCLASSEXA, *LPWNDCLASSEXA;

WINUSERAPI LRESULT CALLBACK DefWindowProcA(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
WINBASEAPI HMODULE WINAPI GetModuleHandleA(LPCSTR lpModuleName);
WINUSERAPI HCURSOR WINAPI LoadCursorA(HINSTANCE hInstance, LPCSTR lpCursorName);
WINUSERAPI ATOM WINAPI RegisterClassExA(CONST WNDCLASSEXA *);

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    return DefWindowProcA( hWnd, message, wParam, lParam );
}

INT WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPrev, LPSTR szCmdLine, INT sw )
{
    // register window class
    WNDCLASSEXA wcex = { 0 };
    wcex.cbSize            = sizeof( WNDCLASSEXA );
    wcex.style            = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.hInstance        = (HINSTANCE)GetModuleHandleA( NULL );
    wcex.hIcon            = NULL;
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursorA( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
    wcex.lpszClassName    = "Title";
    RegisterClassExA( &wcex );

    return 0;
}

编译：

@echo off
call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat" x64

set CONSOLE= -subsystem:windows
set CFLAGS= -Zi -nologo
set CFLAGS= -D__WINDOWS__ -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS %CFLAGS%
set LFLAGS= -incremental:no -opt:ref
set LFLAGS= user32.lib kernel32.lib %LFLAGS%

cl %CFLAGS% main.cpp -Fegame.exe /link %LFLAGS% %CONSOLE%