将IntelliJ IDEA连接到SQL Server数据库

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我目前正在使用令人敬畏的Intellij IDEA Ultimate版学习Java。我正在尝试连接到本地SQL Server数据库，但是这样做很难。最初，我尝试使用内置工具（该工具能够成功连接，但是似乎所有的工作都使我能够在Intellij控制台上运行SQL查询。更具体地说，我创建了一个基本的GUI客户可以在其中输入其个人信息，并且希望将该信息存储在“客户” SQL表中。我也尝试使用JDBC，但是由于某些原因，出现错误“ com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver” “。我确实下载了所需的驱动程序，并将其放置在项目的lib文件夹中，但是我不知道该怎么办。我的猜测是我在项目中没有正确地将jar文件与驱动程序链接或放置。关于SQL工具，JetBrain的Intellij文档非常有限。它仅涉及基本功能。如果有人可以指出我在JDBC方法上的错误，或者对Intellij的SQL工具有更深入的了解，我将不胜感激。感谢您为帮助这个6个月大的新手而付出的宝贵时间：)这是我的代码：

import java.sql.*;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.*;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

 public class Main extends Application {

 String name;
 Stage window;
 Scene scene;
 Button submitButton = new Button("Submit");
 Label fNameLabel = new Label("First Name:");
 Label lNameLabel = new Label("Last Name:");
 Label birthDateLabel = new Label("DOB:");
 Label addressLabel = new Label("Address:");
 Label emailLabel = new Label("E-mail:");
 Label phoneLabel = new Label("Phone:");
 TextField fNameTextField = new TextField();
 TextField lNameTextField = new TextField();
 TextField birthDateTextField = new TextField();
 TextField addressTextField = new TextField();
 TextField emailTextField = new TextField();
 TextField phoneTextField = new TextField();


 public static void main(String args[]) {

    launch(args);

 }

 @Override
 public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {

    window = primaryStage;
    window.setTitle("Customer Information");
    window.setOnCloseRequest(e -> {
        e.consume();
        closeWindow();
    });

    //create GripPane scene
    GridPane grid = new GridPane();
    grid.setPadding(new Insets(10,10,10,10));
    grid.setVgap(10);
    grid.setHgap(10);

    //set location of labels
    GridPane.setConstraints(fNameLabel,3,0);
    GridPane.setConstraints(lNameLabel,3,1);
    GridPane.setConstraints(birthDateLabel,3,2);
    GridPane.setConstraints(addressLabel,3,3);
    GridPane.setConstraints(emailLabel,3,4);
    GridPane.setConstraints(phoneLabel,3,5);

    //set location of TextFields
    GridPane.setConstraints(fNameTextField,4,0);
    GridPane.setConstraints(lNameTextField,4,1);
    GridPane.setConstraints(birthDateTextField,4,2);
    GridPane.setConstraints(addressTextField,4,3);
    GridPane.setConstraints(emailTextField,4,4);
    GridPane.setConstraints(phoneTextField,4,5);

    //set PromptText
    birthDateTextField.setPromptText("mm/dd/yyyy");
    emailTextField.setPromptText("[email protected]");

    //set button location
    GridPane.setConstraints(submitButton, 4, 6);

    //add all elements to grid
    grid.getChildren().addAll(fNameLabel,fNameTextField,lNameLabel,lNameTextField,
                              birthDateLabel,birthDateTextField,addressLabel,addressTextField,
                              emailLabel,emailTextField,phoneLabel,phoneTextField,submitButton);

    scene = new Scene(grid, 400, 400);

    window.setScene(scene);
    window.show();

   }

  //properly exit out of app
  private void closeWindow() {
     boolean answer = ConfirmationBox.display("title", "Are you sure you want to exit?");
      if (answer) {
        window.close();
    }
  }
}

尝试连接的SQL类：

import java.sql.*;
public class SQLMethods {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
        Class.forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");
        String url = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\SQLEXPRESS:1433;databaseName=CaiMaster";

        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);
        Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
        ResultSet resultSet;

        resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT Fname, Address FROM Customers WHERE Fname = 'Cai'");
        String lastName = resultSet.getString("Fname");
        String address = resultSet.getString("Address");
        System.out.println(lastName);
        System.out.println(address);
        conn.close();
      } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println("Got an exception! ");
        System.err.println(e.getMessage());

    }
   }
  }