我正在阅读python 3中有关OOP的博客文章。其中有：
class Door:
colour = 'brown'
def __init__(self, number, status):
self.number = number
self.status = status
@classmethod
def knock(cls):
print("Knock!")
def open(self):
self.status = 'open'
def close(self):
self.status = 'closed'
class SecurityDoor:
locked = True
def __init__(self, number, status):
self.door = Door(number, status)
def open(self):
if self.locked:
return
self.door.open()
def __getattr__(self, attr):
return getattr(self.door, attr)
当我做：
>>> sdoor = SecurityDoor(1, 'closed')
>>> sdoor.__dict__
{'door': <__main__.Door object at 0x0279A250>}
为什么在属性字典中没有“ locked：True”？毕竟，“锁定”是一个属性
为什么在属性字典中没有“ locked：True”？
因为您正在检查实例dict，但它locked是一个类属性。您可以使用找到它self.__class__.__dict__。
如果需要查看所有属性，包括继承的和类的属性，请使用insect.getmembers()或内置dir函数：
>>> import inspect
>>> class A(object):
... b = 1
... def __init__(self):
... self.c = 1
...
>>> a = A()
>>> inspect.getmembers(a)
[('__class__', <class '__main__.A'>), ('__delattr__', <method-wrapper '__delattr__' of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__dict__', {'c': 1}), ('__doc__', None), ('__format__', <built-in method __format__ of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__getattribute__', <method-wrapper '__getattribute__' of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__hash__', <method-wrapper '__hash__' of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__init__', <bound method A.__init__ of <__main__.A object at 0x10d47f1d0>>), ('__module__', '__main__'), ('__new__', <built-in method __new__ of type object at 0x10d0d7280>), ('__reduce__', <built-in method __reduce__ of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__reduce_ex__', <built-in method __reduce_ex__ of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__repr__', <method-wrapper '__repr__' of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__setattr__', <method-wrapper '__setattr__' of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__sizeof__', <built-in method __sizeof__ of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__str__', <method-wrapper '__str__' of A object at 0x10d47f1d0>), ('__subclasshook__', <built-in method __subclasshook__ of type object at 0x7fc6b8638070>), ('__weakref__', None), ('b', 1), ('c', 1)]
>>> dir(a)
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', 'b', 'c']
>>> a.__class__.__dict__
dict_proxy({'__module__': '__main__', 'b': 1, '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'A' objects>, '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'A' objects>, '__doc__': None, '__init__': <function __init__ at 0x10d4791b8>})
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