我碰到了一个看起来很简单的网站,以至于我很有信心可以使用HttpWebRequest读取其数据,并且能够执行GET和POST请求。GET请求工作正常。POST请求也不会产生任何错误,但是发布的表单数据仍然对返回的结果没有影响。发布的表单数据具有用于按日期过滤数据的字段,但是无论是否发布了所有必需数据,都不会过滤返回的数据。我添加了每个标头,表单数据,并在请求中添加了cookie。
该网页的网址为http://www.bseindia.com/corporates/Insider_Trading_new.aspx?expandable=0
这似乎是一个非常普通的网站,但由于它是一个aspx页面,并且涉及ViewState和Event Validation,因此,这并非易事。
我的第一步是使用Fiddler分析站点的GET和POST,这让我感到惊讶,因为Fiddler并未捕获此URL的任何流量。我已经尝试过Charles,但是它本身并未捕获此URL。除此以外,Url Fiddler和Charles都在捕获其他所有内容。我还想提到,当我使用HttpWebRequest从控制台应用程序调用Url时,Fiddler和Charles都捕获了它,但是他们没有从Chrome,FireFox和Internet Explorer 11捕获它。
因此,我使用FireFox中的Developer工具分析了网络活动,所有可见的内容都包括(标题,参数和Cookies)。在Chrome中,不存在Cookie。当我通过创建HttpWebRequest检查cookie并获得响应时,没有cookie存在。因此,使用此网站确实有些奇怪。
我已经设法创建了一个简单的函数来创建请求并获得响应。我正在做的是先创建一个GET请求并获取网站字符串,然后从中提取Viewstate,EventValidation等。我使用此信息在第二个HttpWebRequest中使用它。现在一切正常,我得到了回应,但没有达到预期。我想要两个给定日期之间的记录,并且已经在表单数据中指定了这些日期,但是POST请求仍未返回过滤后的数据。我已经在下面提到了我创建的函数,并且我将非常感谢有关为什么发生这种情况以及如何处理此问题的任何建议。理解这已经成为我的挑战,因为我无法理解为什么这个简单的网站没有出现在Fiddler中。(这使用Javascript回发)
该代码看起来很长而且很吓人,但它非常简单直接。
Try
' First GET Request to obtain Viewstate, Eventvalidation etc
Dim objRequest2 As Net.HttpWebRequest = DirectCast(HttpWebRequest.Create("http://www.bseindia.com/corporates/Insider_Trading_new.aspx?expandable=0"), HttpWebRequest)
objRequest2.Method = "GET"
objRequest2.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8"
objRequest2.Headers.Add("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate")
objRequest2.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "en-GB,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.6,ur;q=0.4")
objRequest2.KeepAlive = True
objRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
objRequest2.Host = "www.bseindia.com"
objRequest2.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/47.0.2526.106 Safari/537.36"
objRequest2.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.Deflate Or DecompressionMethods.GZip
Dim LoginRes2 As Net.HttpWebResponse
Dim sr2 As IO.StreamReader
LoginRes2 = objRequest2.GetResponse()
sr2 = New IO.StreamReader(LoginRes2.GetResponseStream)
Dim getString As String = sr2.ReadToEnd()
Dim getCookieCollection = objRequest2.CookieContainer
' get the page ViewState
Dim viewStateFlag As String = "id=""__VIEWSTATE"" value="""
Dim i As Integer = getString.IndexOf(viewStateFlag) + viewStateFlag.Length
Dim j As Integer = getString.IndexOf("""", i)
Dim viewState As String = getString.Substring(i, j - i)
' get page EventValidation
Dim eventValidationFlag As String = "id=""__EVENTVALIDATION"" value="""
i = getString.IndexOf(eventValidationFlag) + eventValidationFlag.Length
j = getString.IndexOf("""", i)
Dim eventValidation As String = getString.Substring(i, j - i)
' get page EventValidation
Dim viewstateGeneratorFlag As String = "id=""__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR"" value="""
i = getString.IndexOf(viewstateGeneratorFlag) + viewstateGeneratorFlag.Length
j = getString.IndexOf("""", i)
Dim viewStateGenerator As String = getString.Substring(i, j - i)
viewState = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(viewState)
eventValidation = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(eventValidation)
Dim LoginRes As Net.HttpWebResponse
Dim sr As IO.StreamReader
Dim objRequest As Net.HttpWebRequest
' Second POST request to post the form data along with cookies
objRequest = DirectCast(HttpWebRequest.Create("http://www.bseindia.com/corporates/Insider_Trading_new.aspx?expandable=0"), HttpWebRequest)
Dim formDataCollection As New NameValueCollection
formDataCollection.Add("__EVENTTARGET", "")
formDataCollection.Add("__EVENTARGUMENT", "")
formDataCollection.Add("__VIEWSTATE", viewState)
formDataCollection.Add("__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR", viewStateGenerator)
formDataCollection.Add("__EVENTVALIDATION", eventValidation)
formDataCollection.Add("fmdate", "20160104")
formDataCollection.Add("eddate", "20160204")
formDataCollection.Add("hidCurrentDate", "2016/02/04")
formDataCollection.Add("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_hdnCode", "")
formDataCollection.Add("txtDate", "04/01/2016")
formDataCollection.Add("ddlCalMonthDiv3", "1")
formDataCollection.Add("ddlCalYearDiv3", "2016")
formDataCollection.Add("txtTodate", "04/02/2016")
formDataCollection.Add("ddlCalMonthDiv4", "2")
formDataCollection.Add("ddlCalYearDiv4", "2016")
formDataCollection.Add("Hidden1", "")
formDataCollection.Add("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_GetQuote1_smartSearch", "Enter Security Name / Code / ID")
formDataCollection.Add("btnSubmit.x", "44")
formDataCollection.Add("btnSubmit.y", "2")
Dim strFormdata As String = formDataCollection.ToString()
Dim encoding As New ASCIIEncoding
Dim postBytes As Byte() = encoding.GetBytes(strFormdata)
objRequest.Method = "POST"
objRequest.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8"
objRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate")
objRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "en-GB,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.6,ur;q=0.4")
objRequest.Headers.Add("Cache-Control", "private, max-age=60")
objRequest.KeepAlive = True
objRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
objRequest.Host = "www.bseindia.com"
objRequest.Headers.Add("Origin", "http://www.bseindia.com")
objRequest.Referer = "http://www.bseindia.com/corporates/Insider_Trading_new.aspx?expandable=0"
objRequest.Headers.Add("Upgrade-Insecure-Requests", "1")
objRequest.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/47.0.2526.106 Safari/537.36"
objRequest.ContentType = "text/html; charset=utf-8"
objRequest.Date = "Thu, 04 Feb 2016 13:42:04 GMT"
objRequest.Headers.Add("Server", "Microsoft-IIS/8.0")
objRequest.Headers.Add("Vary", "Accept-Encoding")
objRequest.Headers.Add("X-AspNet-Version", "2.0.50727")
objRequest.Headers.Add("ASP.NET", "ASP.NET")
objRequest.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.Deflate Or DecompressionMethods.GZip
Dim gaCookies As New CookieContainer()
Dim cookie1 As New Cookie("__asc", "f673f0d5152a823bc335f575d34")
cookie1.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie1.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie1)
Dim cookie2 As New Cookie("__auc", "f673f0d5152a823bc335f575d34")
cookie2.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie2.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie2)
Dim cookie3 As New Cookie("__utma", "253454874.280640365.1454519857.1454519865.1454519865.1")
cookie3.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie3.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie3)
Dim cookie4 As New Cookie("__utmb", "253454874.1.10.1454519865")
cookie4.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie4.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie4)
Dim cookie5 As New Cookie("__utmc", "253454874")
cookie5.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie5.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie5)
Dim cookie6 As New Cookie("__utmt", "1")
cookie6.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie6.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie6)
Dim cookie7 As New Cookie("__utmz", "253454874.1454519865.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none)")
cookie7.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie7.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie7)
Dim cookie8 As New Cookie("_ga", "GA1.2.280640365.1454519857")
cookie8.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie8.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie8)
Dim cookie9 As New Cookie("_gat", "1")
cookie9.Domain = ".bseindia.com"
cookie9.Path = "/"
gaCookies.Add(cookie9)
Dim postStream As Stream = objRequest.GetRequestStream()
postStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length)
postStream.Flush()
postStream.Close()
LoginRes = objRequest.GetResponse()
sr = New IO.StreamReader(LoginRes.GetResponseStream)
ReadWebsite = sr.ReadToEnd()
sr.Close()
sr = Nothing
LoginRes.Close()
LoginRes = Nothing
objRequest = Nothing
Exit Function
Catch ex As Exception
ReadWebsite = Nothing
End Try
注意:(未包含viewstate和eventvalidation的日期的原始表单数据)
fmdate:20160130 eddate:20160205 hidCurrentDate:2016/02/05 ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_hdnCode:txtDate:04/01/2016 ddlCalMonthDiv3:1 ddlCalYearDiv3:2016 txtTodate:04/02/2016 ddlCalMonthDiv4_Hi1_Get1_Quent_Get1_QuidH_Den4_Hid_Cent_1_D1C4D1:HidCurrent_Date4:2 ddlCal1Enter / ID btnSubmit.x:55 btnSubmit.y:13
您可以考虑在浏览器中运行站点,并使用工具控制浏览器,而不是直接发出GET / POST请求。与您当前的方法相比,这可能更容易并且更健壮。
例如Selenium Web驱动程序http://www.seleniumhq.org/projects/webdriver/
您将加载页面,设置表单字段的值(使用css样式选择器查找适当的字段),然后单击按钮。您可以自动执行所有操作并获取页面源代码(不幸的是,在运行javascript之后,我不认为您可以在当前状态下获取完整的html,但可能可以使用api获取所需的元素)。
api文档:http : //seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/dotnet/
本文收集自互联网,转载请注明来源。
如有侵权,请联系[email protected] 删除。
我来说两句