使用mysqlimport命令从命令行将csv文件导入mysql

如何使用mysqlimport命令从命令行将csv文件导入mysql，这样就不必进入mysql。

我正在尝试在这里使用此答案

从命令行将csv文件导入mysql

root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns='head -n 1 discounts.csv' --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1064, You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-n 1 discounts.csv)' at line 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/home#

但是我无法正常工作，有人可以告诉我我做错了什么吗？

这是我的文件的样子

root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files# cat discounts.csv
id,title,expired_date,amount
1,"1Spring Break ",20140401,20
2,"2Spring Break ",20140401,20
3,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
4,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
5,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
6,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
7,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20

这就是我的mysql的样子：

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| temp               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use temp
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

注意我正在docker容器中运行mysql，如果需要的话，我可以提供更多详细信息。这个问题重复了，但我认为我是特定的。

编辑1

我尝试了不同的单引号'double-quote'和反引号`。尽管反引号给出了不同的错误，这有帮助吗？

root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns='head -n 1 discounts.csv' --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1064, You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-n 1 discounts.csv)' at line 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns="head -n 1 discounts.csv" --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1064, You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '-n 1 discounts.csv)' at line 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns=`head -n 1 discounts.csv` --ignore-lines=1 temp discounts.csv -u root -p
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1049 Unknown database 'date,amount'

编辑2

如果我没有创建表就做得到 Error: 1146, Table 'temp.discounts' doesn't exist, when using table: discounts

root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files# mysqlimport temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --columns=`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv` --ignore-lines=1
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1146, Table 'temp.discounts' doesn't exist, when using table: discounts

如果我然后创建表，然后再试一次

mysql> CREATE TABLE discounts (
    ->   id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    ->   title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    ->   expired_date DATE NOT NULL,
    ->   amount DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
    ->   PRIMARY KEY (id)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_temp |
+----------------+
| discounts      |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from discounts;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

我收到以下错误 Error: 1265, Data truncated for column 'id' at row 1, when using table: discounts

root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files# mysqlimport temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --columns=`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv` --ignore-lines=1
Enter password:
mysqlimport: Error: 1265, Data truncated for column 'id' at row 1, when using table: discounts
root@678cf3cd1587:/var/lib/mysql-files#

我/var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv明确地使用它是因为，如果我理解正确，这是我可以从中导入文件的唯一目录secure_file_priv

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "secure_file_priv";
+------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name    | Value                 |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| secure_file_priv | /var/lib/mysql-files/ |
+------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

编辑3

我有这个工作 mysqlimport --columns="`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv`" --ignore-lines=1 temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --fields-terminated-by=',' --fields-optionally-enclosed-by='"'

root@678cf3cd1587:/home# mysqlimport --columns="`head -n 1 /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv`" --ignore-lines=1 temp /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv -u root -p --fields-terminated-by=','  --fields-optionally-enclosed-by='"'
Enter password:
temp.discounts: Records: 7  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0
root@678cf3cd1587:/home#
root@678cf3cd1587:/home# cat /var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv
id,title,expired_date,amount
1,"1Spring Break ",20140401,20
2,"2Spring Break ",20140401,20
3,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
4,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
5,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
6,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20
7,"3Spring Break ",20140401,20

但是如上所述，我必须先在sql中创建表。

CREATE TABLE discounts (
  id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  expired_date DATE NOT NULL,
  amount DECIMAL(10,2) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

据我了解，我还必须按设置使用此文件/var/lib/mysql-files/discounts.csv，secure_file_priv以便只能从该目录加载文件。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "secure_file_priv";
+------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name    | Value                 |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| secure_file_priv | /var/lib/mysql-files/ |
+------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)