我有一个正在侦听端口8080的应用程序（服务器）。我希望能够将端口80转发到它，这样按一下就http://localhost可以解析我的应用程序（位于localhost:8080）。
应该对任何端口映射（例如80:8080=> P_src:P_target）进行通用化，并针对现代* nix机器（例如Ubuntu）使用最佳实践。
注意：这都是在本地完成的，因此除了本地主机外，不需要接受任何人的连接。
因此，经过大量搜索之后，我发现答案使用了iptables，设置了NAT并使用了内置的PREROUTING和OUTPUT。
首先，您必须启用端口转发：
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
然后，您必须使用自己的${P_src}和值将以下规则添加到iptables NAT表中${P_target}：
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 127.0.0.1 -p tcp --dport ${P_src} -j REDIRECT --to ${P_target}`
iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -s 127.0.0.1 -p tcp --dport ${P_src} -j REDIRECT --to ${P_target}`
如果要删除规则，则只需使用-D开关，而不是-A每个规则。
为此，我构建了一个不错的小脚本来添加和删除映射。
#!/bin/bash
#
# API: ./forwardPorts.sh add|rm p1:p1' p2:p2' ...
#
# Results in the appending (-A) or deleting (-D) of iptable rule pairs that
# would otherwise facilitate port forwarding.
#
# E.g
# sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 127.0.0.1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to 8080
# sudo iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -s 127.0.0.1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to 8080
#
if [[ $# -lt 2 ]]; then
echo "forwardPorts takes a state (i.e. add or rm) and any number port mappings (e.g. 80:8080)";
exit 1;
fi
case $1 in
add )
append_or_delete=A;;
rm )
append_or_delete=D;;
* )
echo "forwardPorts requires a state (i.e. add or rm) as it's first argument";
exit 1; ;;
esac
shift 1;
# Do a quick check to make sure all mappings are integers
# Many thanks to S.O. for clever string splitting:
# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/918886/how-do-i-split-a-string-on-a-delimiter-in-bash
for map in "$@"
do
IFS=: read -a from_to_array <<< "$map"
if [[ ! ${from_to_array[0]} =~ ^-?[0-9]+$ ]] || [[ ! ${from_to_array[1]} =~ ^-?[0-9]+$ ]]; then
echo "forwardPorts port maps must go from an integer, to an integer (e.g. 443:4443)";
exit 1;
fi
mappings[${#mappings[@]}]=${map}
done
# We're shooting for transactional consistency. Only manipulate iptables if all
# the rules have a chance to succeed.
for map in "${mappings[@]}"
do
IFS=: read -a from_to_array <<< "$map"
from=${from_to_array[0]}
to=${from_to_array[1]}
sudo iptables -t nat -$append_or_delete PREROUTING -s 127.0.0.1 -p tcp --dport $from -j REDIRECT --to $to
sudo iptables -t nat -$append_or_delete OUTPUT -s 127.0.0.1 -p tcp --dport $from -j REDIRECT --to $to
done
exit 0;
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