当我在Android Studio中为Android应用程序运行->应用程序时收到此错误
UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:
com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/google/common/annotations/Beta;
...
这是gradlew -q：app：dependencies的输出
+--- project :shared
+--- com.google.api-client:google-api-client:1.19.0
| +--- com.google.oauth-client:google-oauth-client:1.19.0
| | +--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client:1.19.0
| | | +--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:1.3.9
| | | \--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.0.1
| | | +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.0.1
| | | +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.1.1
| | | \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.3
| | \--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:1.3.9
| +--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client-jackson2:1.19.0
| | +--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client:1.19.0 (*)
| | \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.1.3
| \--- com.google.guava:guava-jdk5:13.0
+--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client-gson:1.19.0
| \--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.1
+--- com.google.api-client:google-api-client-android:1.19.0
| +--- com.google.api-client:google-api-client:1.19.0 (*)
| \--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client-android:1.19.0
| \--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client:1.19.0 (*)
+--- com.google.http-client:google-http-client-android:1.19.0 (*)
+--- com.google.guava:guava:14.0.+ -> 14.0.1
+--- project :backend-appengine
| \--- com.google.api-client:google-api-client-android:1.19.0 (*)
+--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:20.0.0
| \--- com.android.support:support-v4:20.0.0
| \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:20.0.0
+--- com.google.android.gms:play-services:5.0.89
\--- com.google.maps.android:android-maps-utils:0.3.+ -> 0.3.1
这是build.gradle的依赖项块
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile project(':shared')
// Add the Google API client library.
compile(group: 'com.google.api-client', name: 'google-api-client', version: '1.19.0') {
// Exclude artifacts that the Android SDK/Runtime provides.
exclude(group: 'com.google.guava') //-- !!! this does not seem to work !!!
exclude(group: 'xpp3', module: 'xpp3')
exclude(group: 'org.apache.httpcomponents', module: 'httpclient')
exclude(group: 'junit', module: 'junit')
exclude(group: 'com.google.android', module: 'android')
exclude(group: 'com.google.http-client', module: 'google-http-client')
}
compile('com.google.http-client:google-http-client-gson:1.19.0') {
exclude module: 'httpclient'
exclude(group: 'com.google.http-client', module: 'google-http-client')
}
compile(group: 'com.google.api-client', name: 'google-api-client-android', version: '1.19.0') {
exclude(group: 'com.google.android.gms', module: 'play-services')
exclude group: 'com.google.guava', module: 'guava-jdk5'
}
compile(group: 'com.google.http-client', name: 'google-http-client-android', version: '1.19.0') {
exclude(group: 'com.google.android', module: 'android')
}
// This is used by the Google HTTP client library.
compile(group: 'com.google.guava', name: 'guava', version: '14.0.+')
//-- endpoints
dependencies {
compile project(path: ':backend-appengine', configuration: 'android-endpoints')
}
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:20.0.0'
compile ('com.google.android.gms:play-services:5.0.89') {
exclude(group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4')
}
compile ('com.google.maps.android:android-maps-utils:0.3.+') {
exclude(group: 'com.google.android.gms', module: 'play-services')
}
}
该com.google.common.annotations包装似乎是番石榴的一部分。我在依赖项中两次看到它，但变化不大：一次是Google API客户端的一部分，一次是您自己的依赖项：
+--- com.google.api-client:google-api-client:1.19.0
| \--- com.google.guava:guava-jdk5:13.0
和
+--- com.google.guava:guava:14.0.+ -> 14.0.1
因此，导致此错误的原因是，您的其他依赖项包含了多个dex文件（在Guava库的不同版本中）定义的相同类。您需要找到一种方法来排除这些重复的依赖项，或者可能只是确保在所有依赖项中使用相同的版本。
您可以尝试的一件事是从其中一个依赖项中排除番石榴模块。因此，在定义了API客户端模块的地方，为guava模块添加一个排除规则：
compile ('com.google.api-client:google-api-client:1.19.0') {
exclude group: 'com.google.guava', module: 'guava-jdk5'
}
我不能保证这不会对Google API客户端库造成问题（因为它们是Guava的两个不同版本），但是值得一试。
编辑：从您的依赖，尝试更改此：
compile(group: 'com.google.api-client', name: 'google-api-client', version: '1.19.0') {
// Exclude artifacts that the Android SDK/Runtime provides.
exclude(group: 'com.google.guava') //-- !!! this does not seem to work !!!
到：
compile(group: 'com.google.api-client', name: 'google-api-client', version: '1.19.0') {
exclude(group: 'com.google.guava', module: 'guava-jdk5')
google-api-client-android库实际上并不包含Guava －我没有意识到您那里有两个名称相似的依赖项。
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我来说两句