我正在尝试使用Python ElementTree解析以下XML来生成如下所示的产品输出。我正在尝试为顶部元素编写模块以打印它们。但是,这有点棘手,因为类别元素可能具有或不具有属性,类别元素内部可能具有类别元素。
我已经提到了本主题中的上一个问题,但它们不包含具有相同名称的嵌套元素
我的代码:http://pastebin.com/Fsv2Xzqf
work.xml:
<suite id="1" name="MainApplication">
<displayNameKey>my Application</displayNameKey>
<displayName>my Application</displayName>
<application id="2" name="Sub Application1">
<displayNameKey>sub Application1</displayNameKey>
<displayName>sub Application1</displayName>
<category id="2423" name="about">
<displayNameKey>subApp.about</displayNameKey>
<displayName>subApp.about</displayName>
<category id="2423" name="comms">
<displayNameKey>subApp.comms</displayNameKey>
<displayName>subApp.comms</displayName>
<property id="5909" name="copyright" type="string_property" width="40">
<value>2014</value>
</property>
<property id="5910" name="os" type="string_property" width="40">
<value>Linux 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64</value>
</property>
</category>
<property id="5908" name="releaseNumber" type="string_property" width="40">
<value>9.1.0.3.0.54</value>
</property>
</category>
</application>
</suite>
输出应如下所示:
Suite: MainApplication
Application: Sub Application1
Category: about
property: releaseNumber | 9.1.0.3.0.54
category: comms
property: copyright | 2014
property: os | Linux 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64
任何指向正确方向的指针都会有所帮助。
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.ElementTree(file='work.xml')
indent = 0
ignoreElems = ['displayNameKey', 'displayName']
def printRecur(root):
"""Recursively prints the tree."""
if root.tag in ignoreElems:
return
print ' '*indent + '%s: %s' % (root.tag.title(), root.attrib.get('name', root.text))
global indent
indent += 4
for elem in root.getchildren():
printRecur(elem)
indent -= 4
root = tree.getroot()
printRecur(root)
输出:
Suite: MainApplication
Application: Sub Application1
Category: about
Category: comms
Property: copyright
Value: 2014
Property: os
Value: Linux 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64
Property: releaseNumber
Value: 9.1.0.3.0.54
这是我在5分钟内能得到的最接近的信息。您应该仅递归地调用处理器函数,这会很小心。您可以从这一点上进行改进:)
您还可以为每个标签定义处理程序功能,并将它们全部放入字典中以便于查找。然后,您可以检查该标签是否具有适当的处理函数,然后调用该函数,否则将继续盲目打印。例如:
HANDLERS = {
'property': 'handle_property',
<tag_name>: <handler_function>
}
def handle_property(root):
"""Takes property root element and prints the values."""
data = ' '*indent + '%s: %s ' % (root.tag.title(), root.attrib['name'])
values = []
for elem in root.getchildren():
if elem.tag == 'value':
values.append(elem.text)
print data + '| %s' % (', '.join(values))
# printRecur would get modified accordingly.
def printRecur(root):
"""Recursively prints the tree."""
if root.tag in ignoreElems:
return
global indent
indent += 4
if root.tag in HANDLERS:
handler = globals()[HANDLERS[root.tag]]
handler(root)
else:
print ' '*indent + '%s: %s' % (root.tag.title(), root.attrib.get('name', root.text))
for elem in root.getchildren():
printRecur(elem)
indent -= 4
上面的输出:
Suite: MainApplication
Application: Sub Application1
Category: about
Category: comms
Property: copyright | 2014
Property: os | Linux 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64
Property: releaseNumber | 9.1.0.3.0.54
我发现这非常有用,而不是在代码中放入大量的if / else。
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