我的测试失败，并显示ActionView :: Template :: Error：nil：NilClass错误的未定义方法“名称”？

导致此错误的原因是我的索引页中的代码是<%= pin.user.name %>。

但是，当我将其更改为时<%= pin.user.name if pin.user %>，我的测试全部通过了。

相同的问题已经发布，但是没有可接受的解决方案，这就是我发布此问题的原因。

这是完整的错误消息：

ERROR["test_non-signed_in_user_layout_links", SiteLayoutTest, 1.3199719070007632]
 test_non-signed_in_user_layout_links#SiteLayoutTest (1.32s)
ActionView::Template::Error:         ActionView::Template::Error: undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass
            app/views/pins/_pin.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_pins__pin_html_erb___3167554587389080103_47088431630420'
            app/views/static_pages/home.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_static_pages_home_html_erb___4092361779176196837_47088431162360'
            test/integration/site_layout_test.rb:10:in `block in <class:SiteLayoutTest>'

ERROR["test_signed_in_user_layout_links", SiteLayoutTest, 2.0834625150000647]
 test_signed_in_user_layout_links#SiteLayoutTest (2.08s)
ActionView::Template::Error:         ActionView::Template::Error: undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass
            app/views/pins/_pin.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_pins__pin_html_erb___3167554587389080103_47088457226940'
            app/views/static_pages/home.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_static_pages_home_html_erb___4092361779176196837_47088457198480'
            test/integration/site_layout_test.rb:24:in `block in <class:SiteLayoutTest>'

ERROR["test_should_get_home", StaticPagesControllerTest, 2.1026109900003576]
 test_should_get_home#StaticPagesControllerTest (2.10s)
ActionView::Template::Error:         ActionView::Template::Error: undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass
            app/views/pins/_pin.html.erb:2:in `_app_views_pins__pin_html_erb___3167554587389080103_47088457310920'
            app/views/static_pages/home.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_static_pages_home_html_erb___4092361779176196837_47088457291840'
            test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:9:in `block in <class:StaticPagesControllerTest>'

这些是具有上述错误的测试：

site_layout_test.rb

require 'test_helper'

class SiteLayoutTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
  def setup
    ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.clear
    @user = users(:john)
  end

  test "non-signed in user layout links" do
    get root_path
    assert_template 'static_pages/home'
    assert_select "a[href=?]", root_path, count: 2
    assert_select "a[href=?]", about_path
    assert_select "a[href=?]", new_user_session_path, count: 2
    assert_select "a[href=?]", new_user_registration_path, count: 1
  end

  test "signed in user layout links" do
    get new_user_session_path
    assert_template 'devise/sessions/new'
    post user_session_path, params: { user: { email: @user.email, password: 'password' } }
    assert_not flash.empty?
    assert_redirected_to root_path
    follow_redirect!
    assert_template 'static_pages/home'
    assert_select "a[href=?]", new_user_session_path, count: 0
    assert_select "a[href=?]", new_user_registration_path, count: 0
    assert_select "a[href=?]", edit_user_registration_path
    assert_select "a[href=?]", destroy_user_session_path
    assert_select "a[href=?]", new_pin_path
  end
end

static_pages_controller_test.rb

require 'test_helper'

class StaticPagesControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
  def setup
    @user = users(:john)
  end

  test "should get home" do
    get root_url
    assert_response :success
    assert_select "title", full_title
  end

  test "should get about" do
    get about_url
    assert_response :success
    assert_select "title", full_title("About")
  end
end

这些是我的users.yml：

john:
  name: John Rockefeller
  email: [email protected]
  encrypted_password: <%= Devise::Encryptor.digest(User, 'password') %>
  created_at: <%= Time.zone.now %>

andrew:
  name: Andrew Carnegie
  email: [email protected]
  encrypted_password: <%= Devise::Encryptor.digest(User, 'password') %>
  created_at: <%= Time.zone.now %>

和 pins.yml

quote:
  description: "Lorem quote"
  created_at: <%= 10.minutes.ago %>
  user: john

recipe:
  description: "Lorem recipe"
  created_at: <%= 3.years.ago %>

most_recent:
  description: "Lorem most recent"
  created_at: <%= Time.zone.now %>