在为Ubuntu上的新家伙付出了很多努力之后，我才开始工作！！！

@ ubfan1在他说出命令时帮助了我，这lshw -c video是我需要知道自己不是在NVIDIA驱动程序上运行时所需要的提示。

之后，我尝试安装失败（安全启动已关闭）。我收到此错误：系统正在以低图形模式运行”（请参阅此问题）。因此，我使用命令** Alt + Ctrl + F1 *进行引导，并使用以下命令从NVIDIA中删除了所有文件。

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia-*

这样，我就可以回到桌面了，在这里我可以使用Ubuntu的系统设置工具来安装驱动程序（软件和更新->其他驱动程序->使用NVIDIA 375-82版本（来自nvidia-375）（开放源代码）。请参阅印刷品：

我重新启动系统，一切都已安装！！！之后，我从示例内部的bin和测试PASS中测试了命令./deviceQuery！

./deviceQuery Starting...

 CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)

Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)

Device 0: "GeForce GTX 1050"
  CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version          8.0 / 8.0
  CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number:    6.1
  Total amount of global memory:                 4041 MBytes (4237426688 bytes)
  ( 5) Multiprocessors, (128) CUDA Cores/MP:     640 CUDA Cores
  GPU Max Clock rate:                            1493 MHz (1.49 GHz)
  Memory Clock rate:                             3504 Mhz
  Memory Bus Width:                              128-bit
  L2 Cache Size:                                 524288 bytes
  Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z)         1D=(131072), 2D=(131072, 65536), 3D=(16384, 16384, 16384)
  Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers  1D=(32768), 2048 layers
  Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers  2D=(32768, 32768), 2048 layers
  Total amount of constant memory:               65536 bytes
  Total amount of shared memory per block:       49152 bytes
  Total number of registers available per block: 65536
  Warp size:                                     32
  Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor:  2048
  Maximum number of threads per block:           1024
  Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
  Max dimension size of a grid size    (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
  Maximum memory pitch:                          2147483647 bytes
  Texture alignment:                             512 bytes
  Concurrent copy and kernel execution:          Yes with 2 copy engine(s)
  Run time limit on kernels:                     Yes
  Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory:            No
  Support host page-locked memory mapping:       Yes
  Alignment requirement for Surfaces:            Yes
  Device has ECC support:                        Disabled
  Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA):      Yes
  Device PCI Domain ID / Bus ID / location ID:   0 / 1 / 0
  Compute Mode:
     < Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >

deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 8.0, CUDA Runtime Version = 8.0, NumDevs = 1, Device0 = GeForce GTX 1050
Result = PASS

学过的知识

在安装CUDA之前，请确保所有NVIDIA驱动程序都运行正常！您可以像@ ubfan1在此链接中建议的那样安装它们。

执行以下命令，检查安装是否为默认安装并正在运行。

$ cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version
NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module  375.82  Wed Jul 19 21:16:49 PDT 2017
GCC version:  gcc version 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4)

$ sudo lshw -c video
[sudo] password for marlosdamasceno: 
  *-display               
       description: 3D controller
       product: NVIDIA Corporation
       vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
       version: a1
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
       configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0
       resources: irq:321 memory:a3000000-a3ffffff memory:90000000-9fffffff memory:a0000000-a1ffffff ioport:4000(size=128)
  *-display
       description: VGA compatible controller
       product: Intel Corporation
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 2
       bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
       version: 04
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pciexpress msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
       configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
       resources: irq:318 memory:a2000000-a2ffffff memory:b0000000-bfffffff ioport:5000(size=64) memory:c0000-dffff

$ lsmod | grep nvidia
nvidia_uvm            647168  0
nvidia_drm             45056  2
nvidia_modeset        790528  5 nvidia_drm
nvidia              12701696  85 nvidia_modeset,nvidia_uvm
drm_kms_helper        151552  2 i915,nvidia_drm
drm                   352256  6 i915,nvidia_drm,drm_kms_helper


$ nvidia-smi
Fri Sep  8 19:47:17 2017       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 375.82                 Driver Version: 375.82                    |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce GTX 1050    Off  | 0000:01:00.0     Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   49C    P0    N/A /  N/A |    536MiB /  4041MiB |      0%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID  Type  Process name                               Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0       996    G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                             271MiB |
|    0      1827    G   compiz                                         177MiB |
|    0      2351    G   ...el-token=FDDD25D3486FDA0AB5CD0952493279C6    86MiB |
|    0     14381    G   unity-control-center                             1MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

仅检查安全启动即可运行。

$ mokutil --sb-state
SecureBoot enabled