Hibernate 4.3无法执行语句

我是Hibernate的新手，并且在Eclipse Luna中使用4.3.6.Final版本。我不知道为什么不能在测试中插入记录。我已经根据我的数据库（Oracle 11g Express Edition）生成了POJO类和xml文件，如下所示。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory name="">
        <property name="hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer">false</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">1234</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">ELSHOUT_DEV</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>
        <property name="hibernate.search.autoregister_listeners">false</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <mapping resource="daos/RequiredServices.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/CustomerTypes.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Services.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Invoices.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Vehicles.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/ServicedVehicles.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Roles.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/VehicleConditions.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Users.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Bookings.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Customers.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/Activities.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/ServiceRatings.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/AfterServImages.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/BookingStatuses.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="daos/BeforeServImages.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

POJO

package daos;

// Generated 27/10/2015 05:20:35 PM by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Activities generated by hbm2java
 */
public class Activities implements java.io.Serializable {

    private short activityId;
    private String activityName;
    private String description;
    private String comment;
    private Set roleses = new HashSet(0);

    public Activities() {
    }

    public Activities(short activityId, String activityName, String description) {
        this.activityId = activityId;
        this.activityName = activityName;
        this.description = description;
    }

    public Activities(short activityId, String activityName,
            String description, String comment, Set roleses) {
        this.activityId = activityId;
        this.activityName = activityName;
        this.description = description;
        this.comment = comment;
        this.roleses = roleses;
    }

    public short getActivityId() {
        return this.activityId;
    }

    public void setActivityId(short activityId) {
        this.activityId = activityId;
    }

    public String getActivityName() {
        return this.activityName;
    }

    public void setActivityName(String activityName) {
        this.activityName = activityName;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return this.description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

    public String getComment() {
        return this.comment;
    }

    public void setComment(String comment) {
        this.comment = comment;
    }

    public Set getRoleses() {
        return this.roleses;
    }

    public void setRoleses(Set roleses) {
        this.roleses = roleses;
    }

}

映射XML

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 27/10/2015 05:20:35 PM by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="daos.Activities" table="ACTIVITIES" schema="ELSHOUT_DEV">
        <id name="activityId" type="short">
            <column name="ACTIVITY_ID" precision="4" scale="0" />
            <generator class="assigned" />
        </id>
        <property name="activityName" type="string">
            <column name="ACTIVITY_NAME" length="100" not-null="true">
                <comment>ACTIVITY NAME</comment>
            </column>
        </property>
        <property name="description" type="string">
            <column name="DESCRIPTION" length="500" not-null="true">
                <comment>ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION</comment>
            </column>
        </property>
        <property name="comment" type="string">
            <column name="COMMENT" length="1000">
                <comment>COMMENTS</comment>
            </column>
        </property>
        <set name="roleses" table="ROLES" inverse="true" lazy="true" fetch="select">
            <key>
                <column name="ACTIVITY_ID" precision="4" scale="0" not-null="true">
                    <comment>ACTIVITY ID</comment>
                </column>
            </key>
            <one-to-many class="daos.Roles" />
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

测试员班

package dbConnection;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;

import daos.Activities;

public class TestHibernate {


    public TestHibernate() 
    {
    }   

    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {               
        try 
        {       
            SessionFactory sessionFactory;
            Session session;

            Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
            StandardServiceRegistryBuilder builder = 
                    new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties());          
            ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = builder.build();
            sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

            Activities activities = new Activities();
            activities.setActivityId(new Short("1"));
            activities.setActivityName("Wash and Vac");
            activities.setDescription("Just wash an quick vacuum");
            activities.setComment("Do this very quick");

            session = sessionFactory.openSession();
            session.getTransaction().begin();                       
            session.save(activities);
            session.getTransaction().commit();
            session.close();

        } 
        catch (HibernateException e) 
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());         
        }       
    }

}

这是异常跟踪：

oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit>
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.5.Final}
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.Version logVersion
INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.3.6.Final}
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider
INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure
INFO: HHH000043: Configuring from resource: hibernate.cfg.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream
INFO: HHH000040: Configuration resource: hibernate.cfg.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/RequiredServices.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/CustomerTypes.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Services.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Invoices.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Vehicles.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:42 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/ServicedVehicles.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Roles.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/VehicleConditions.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Users.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Bookings.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Customers.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/Activities.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/ServiceRatings.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/AfterServImages.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/BookingStatuses.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: daos/BeforeServImages.hbm.xml
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration doConfigure
INFO: HHH000041: Configured SessionFactory: 
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
WARN: HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH000401: using driver [oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver] at URL [jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe]
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=ELSHOUT_DEV, password=****}
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH000006: Autocommit mode: false
oct 27, 2015 9:48:43 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20 (min=1)
oct 27, 2015 9:48:44 PM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
oct 27, 2015 9:48:45 PM org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator initiateService
INFO: HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)
oct 27, 2015 9:48:45 PM org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory <init>
INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
oct 27, 2015 9:48:45 PM org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryRegistry addSessionFactory
WARN: HHH000277: Could not bind factory to JNDI
org.hibernate.engine.jndi.JndiException: Error parsing JNDI name []
    at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:141)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.bind(JndiServiceImpl.java:157)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryRegistry.addSessionFactory(SessionFactoryRegistry.java:103)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:497)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1857)
    at dbConnection.TestHibernate.main(TestHibernate.java:30)
Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(Unknown Source)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getNameParser(Unknown Source)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jndi.internal.JndiServiceImpl.parseName(JndiServiceImpl.java:135)
    ... 5 more

Hibernate: insert into ELSHOUT_DEV.ACTIVITIES (ACTIVITY_NAME, DESCRIPTION, COMMENT, ACTIVITY_ID) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
oct 27, 2015 9:48:46 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
WARN: SQL Error: 1747, SQLState: 42000
oct 27, 2015 9:48:46 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper logExceptions
ERROR: ORA-01747: invalid user.table.column, table.column, or column specification

oct 27, 2015 9:48:46 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.AbstractBatchImpl release
INFO: HHH000010: On release of batch it still contained JDBC statements
could not execute statement
org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not execute statement
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:80)
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:112)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:211)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.NonBatchingBatch.addToBatch(NonBatchingBatch.java:62)
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3124)
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3581)
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityInsertAction.execute(EntityInsertAction.java:104)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:463)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:349)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:350)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:56)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1222)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:425)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jdbc.JdbcTransaction.beforeTransactionCommit(JdbcTransaction.java:101)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.AbstractTransactionImpl.commit(AbstractTransactionImpl.java:177)
    at dbConnection.TestHibernate.main(TestHibernate.java:41)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: ORA-01747: invalid user.table.column, table.column, or column specification

    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:447)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIoer.processError(T4CTTIoer.java:396)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4C8Oall.processError(T4C8Oall.java:951)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIfun.receive(T4CTTIfun.java:513)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CTTIfun.doRPC(T4CTTIfun.java:227)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4C8Oall.doOALL(T4C8Oall.java:531)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CPreparedStatement.doOall8(T4CPreparedStatement.java:208)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.T4CPreparedStatement.executeForRows(T4CPreparedStatement.java:1046)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleStatement.doExecuteWithTimeout(OracleStatement.java:1336)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.OraclePreparedStatement.executeInternal(OraclePreparedStatement.java:3613)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.OraclePreparedStatement.executeUpdate(OraclePreparedStatement.java:3694)
    at oracle.jdbc.driver.OraclePreparedStatementWrapper.executeUpdate(OraclePreparedStatementWrapper.java:1354)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:208)
    ... 13 more

我将不胜感激任何建议。提前致谢。