那里有很多“ add-apt-repository”帖子，但是我想我已经看过并尝试了大多数解决方案。
我正在尝试在Ubuntu Server 12.04上安装Java。一些搜索导致以下最常见的解决方案：
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer
但是，当我跑步时
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
我收到以下错误：
sudo: add-apt-repository: command not found
因此，更多的搜索和故障排除导致我以下几点：
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
这给了我（现在，至少-第一次，它实际上安装了该软件包）：
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
其他建议建议可能需要以下内容：
sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
出现以下错误：
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
python-software-properties : Depends: python-pycurl but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
所以我尝试了：
sudo apt-get install python-pycur
并得到这个：
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
E: Package 'python-pycurl' has no installation candidate
现在有点卡住了。有什么下一步的想法吗？
根据Thomas W.的建议，以下是/etc/apt/sources.list的内容：
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 12.04.5 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20140806.1)]/ precise main restricted
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 12.04.5 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release i386 (20140806.1)]/ precise main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted
另外，sudo apt-get update的结果可能会有用：
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/universe/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/multiverse/source/Sources Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/universe/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatch
W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/multiverse/binary-i386/Packages Hash Sum mismatch
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
好的。感谢Thomas W.的评论，这使我找到了解决方案。
原因似乎可以追溯到损坏的软件包。我之前曾搜索过如何修复损坏的程序包，但是没有一种解决方案可以解决整个问题。我搜索代替了哈希和不匹配错误我在apt-get的更新结束时获得，并发现这种解决方案，该解决的问题。
为完整起见，此处复制了答案：
删除/ var / lib / apt / lists目录的内容：
sudo rm -fR /var/lib/apt/lists/*
然后运行：
sudo apt-get update
显然，您的权威人士可以纠正或阐述，apt-get的clean和autoclean标志不能完全清除apt / lists目录中的有问题的子级。
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我来说两句