如何使用相关的序列化器Django Rest框架进行发布请求

debugcn 发表于 Dev

亚马法沙

我有一个模型，Package其中包含Supplier和PackageSize，外键以及一个字段，该字段也是的外键，Shipping model其中包含供应商要运送包裹的位置，因此为了确保用户可以在一个请求中提交全部信息，我创建了序列化器并像这样链接他们。

serializers.py

from users.models import Supplier
from packages.models import Package , PackageSize , ShippingLocation , Shipping

    class ShippingLocationSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model= ShippingLocation
            fields = ['latitude','longitude']
        def create(self, validated_data):
            return ShippingLocation(**validated_data)

    class PackageSizeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model= PackageSize
            fields = ['length', 'width' ,'height' ,'weight']
        def create(self, validated_data):
            """
            docstring
            """
            pass

    class ShippingSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        location = ShippingLocationSerializer(source='location_set')
        class Meta:
            model = Shipping
            fields = [
                'first_name', 
                'last_name',
                'phone_number',
                'email',
                'street_address',
                'village',
                'district',
                'country',
                'location'
                ]
        def create(self, validated_data):
            """
            docstring
            """
            pass

    class SupplierPackageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        size = PackageSizeSerializer(source='size_set')
        shipping_location= ShippingSerializer(source='to_set')
        class Meta:
            model = Package
            fields = ['supplier', 'name', 'size', 'shipping_location', ]
            read_only_fields = ['supplier']
        
        def create(self, validated_data):
            user =Supplier.objects.get(username=self.context['request'].user)
            return Package(supplier=user, **validated_data )

并像这样创造了我的观点

view.py

from rest_framework import generics
from packages.models import Package
from .serializers import , SupplierPackageSerializer
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated

class SupplierPackageViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = SupplierPackageSerializer
    queryset = Package.objects.all().order_by('-name')
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]

models.py

from django.db import models    
from django.conf import settings
from users.models import Supplier

class ShippingLocation(models.Model):
    latitude = models.IntegerField()
    longitude = models.IntegerField()

class Shipping (models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    phone_number =  models.CharField(max_length=14)
    email = models.EmailField()
    street_address = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    village = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    district = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    location = models.OneToOneField(ShippingLocation , default=None, on_delete=models.CASCADE )

    # Returns the string representation of the model.
    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

class PackageSize(models.Model):
    length = models.IntegerField()
    width = models.IntegerField()
    height = models.IntegerField()
    weight = models.IntegerField()

# Create your models here.
class Package(models.Model):
    TYPE = (
        ('1', 'Envelope'),
        ('2', 'Parcel'),
        ('2', 'Soft'),
        ('2', 'Freezed'),
    )
    TYPE = (
        ('1', 'CREATED IN SYSTEM'),
        ('2', ''),
        ('2', 'Soft'),
        ('2', 'Freezed'),
    )
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    supplier = models.ForeignKey( Supplier , on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
    to =  models.ForeignKey(Shipping, default=None, on_delete=models.CASCADE )
    size = models.ForeignKey( PackageSize, default=None, on_delete=models.CASCADE )
    type = models.CharField(max_length=1, default="1", choices=TYPE)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

挑战在于，当我提交数据时，它可以很好地验证但无法保存，并且出现此错误

TypeError at /supplier/package
Package() got an unexpected keyword argument 'size_set'

伊利纳克

Model Package具有PackageSize的外键（每个包只有一个大小），因此来源不是，size_set而仅仅是size

    size = PackageSizeSerializer()

编辑：

您还必须重写创建串行方法来保存相关对象记录在可写嵌套串行

一系列的东西

def create(self, validated_data):
        size_data= validated_data.pop('size', None)
        if size_data:
            package_size= PackageSize.objects.get_or_create(**size_data)[0]
            validated_data['size'] = package_size
        return Package.objects.create(**validated_data)

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