长格式数据集中具有多个变量的Geom_bar + geom_line

debugcn 发表于 Dev

用户14514023

有没有办法在同一个图上有geom_line和geom_bar而不重叠？

我想将变量“ exp_j_perc”和“ cut_j_perc”作为条形，而将“ total_growth”作为线形，但是我不知道该怎么做。

我尝试了这个，但是出现了subset一个未知参数的错误。

如果可能的话，我还将有两个不同的y轴。

df_long %>% 
    ggplot(aes(x = budget_year, y = value)) +
    geom_bar(subset = .(variable == "exp_j_perc" | variable == "cut_j_perc"),
             stat="identity", position = "dodge2", width = 0.35, alpha = 0.75)+
    geom_line(subset = .(variable == "total_growth"),
              size = 0.6, linetype = "longdash") +
    scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018)) +
    scale_fill_manual(values = palette) +
    xlab("Year") +
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
          axis.text=element_text(size=10))

数据如下：

df_long <- structure(list(year = c(2010, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2014, 2015, 
2016, 2018, 2010, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 
2010, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2010, 2010, 
2011, 2012, 2014, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2010, 2010, 2011, 2012, 
2014, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2010, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2014), 
    budget_year = c(2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 
    2017, 2018, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 
    2018, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 
    2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2010, 
    2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2010, 2011, 
    2012, 2013, 2014), variable = c("exp_j_perc", "exp_j_perc", 
    "exp_j_perc", "exp_j_perc", "exp_j_perc", "exp_j_perc", "exp_j_perc", 
    "exp_j_perc", "exp_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", 
    "cut_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", 
    "cut_j_perc", "total_d", "total_d", "total_d", "total_d", 
    "total_d", "total_d", "total_d", "total_d", "total_d", "total_growth", 
    "total_growth", "total_growth", "total_growth", "total_growth", 
    "total_growth", "total_growth", "total_growth", "total_growth", 
    "exp_justification", "exp_justification", "exp_justification", 
    "exp_justification", "exp_justification", "exp_justification", 
    "exp_justification", "exp_justification", "exp_justification", 
    "cut_justification", "cut_justification", "cut_justification", 
    "cut_justification", "cut_justification"), value = c(33.33, 
    0, 22.45, 46.66, 50, 64, 82.35, 92.18, 100, 66.66, 100, 77.55, 
    53.33, 50, 36, 17.64, 7.82, 0, 1168782, 1136279.2186499, 
    1131940.80814086, 1151145.76656277, 1164509.2887094, 1181777.9454623, 
    1224866.3370881, 1265134.21792983, 1288684.9611902, NA, -2.78091049914321, 
    -0.381808488427549, 1.69663981400685, 1.16088878878757, 1.48291275306511, 
    3.64606496434037, 3.28753265743733, 1.86152132529547, 4, 
    0, 11, 21, 5, 16, 56, 59, 49, 8, 27, 38, 24, 5)), row.names = c(NA, 
-50L), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"))

快速浏览文档表明该subset参数在那些特定功能中不存在，并说明了为什么会出现此错误。

我建议阅读这篇文章，探讨可能的，不建议的内容以及有关数据可视化的一些意见。在数据的情况下，它是可能的是两种不同的比例y轴，因为它们中的一个表示的固定值（％），因此可以其他相对于它的y轴使用易于扩展sec.axis在参数scales_y_continuous。需要一些预处理来分离要传递给每个`geom_ *的变量

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(ggplot2)
df_long %>% 
  filter(variable %in% c("exp_j_perc", "cut_j_perc", "total_growth")) %>% 
  pivot_wider(names_from = variable) %>% 
  pivot_longer(cols = c("exp_j_perc", "cut_j_perc")) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = budget_year)) +
  geom_col(aes(y = value, fill = name)) +
  geom_line(aes(y = (total_growth*10) + 50), size = 2, alpha = 0.7, col = "blue") +
  scale_fill_discrete(name = "") +
  scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~ (. -50)/10, name = "total growth")) +
  labs(y = "percent %")