我正在尝试使用解析大型xml文件xml.etree
。它具有以下结构。
我对提取带有标题为发布者的引用特别感兴趣,如下图所示。
以下是我尝试过的代码示例。它不打印任何内容。任何帮助表示赞赏。
import xml.etree.ElementTree as et
data = """<exist:result xmlns:exist="http://exist.sourceforge.net/NS/exist" exist:hits="1" exist:start="1" exist:count="1" exist:compilation-time="0" exist:execution-time="0">
<events>
<paging page="9" pageNumberOfRecords="20" totalNumberOfRecords="215"/>
<WeatherEvent xmlns="http://hwe.niwa.co.nz/schema/2011" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://hwe.niwa.co.nz/schema/2011 ../hwe.xsd">
<Identifier>November_2019_Timaru_Hail</Identifier>
<Title> November 2019 Timaru Hail</Title>
<StartDate>2019-11-20</StartDate>
<Abstract>A severe hailstorm over Timaru, with golf ball-sized hail stones, caused extensive damage to buildings and vehicles.</Abstract>
<Notes/>
<Regions>
<Region name="Canterbury">
<Hazards>
<Hazard type="Hail">
<Location name="Timaru">
<gml:Point gml:id="Timaru_1" srsName="urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:6.6:4326" srsDimension="2">
<gml:pos>-44.398445 171.255200</gml:pos>
</gml:Point>
</Location>
<Impacts>
<Impact type="InsuranceClaim" unit="$" value="130700000">Insurance claims totalled $130.7 million.</Impact>
<Impact type="GeneralComment">Large hail stones smashed windows, pelted holes in roofs, damaged vehicles and forced the closure of businesses.</Impact>
<Impact type="GeneralComment">The Fire and Emergency NZ Mid-South Canterbury area commander said they had received 30 call-outs between noon and 2.40pm. Twenty one of them were for hail or rain damage.</Impact>
<Impact type="GeneralComment">The South Canterbury Chamber of Commerce said there had been considerable damage and flooding with a number of businesses forced to close until their premises were secure and safe to open. The Timaru library and the Aigantighe Art Gallery were both closed due to damage sustained.</Impact>
<Impact type="GeneralComment">A Timaru panel beating business estimated there were at least 10,000 vehicles in Timaru that were damaged by the hail. Vehicles had dents, broken windscreens and broken wing mirrors. The structural integrity of many of the damaged vehicles was found to be compromised.</Impact>
<Impact type="GeneralComment">An Australian-based team of hail damage repairers set up a base in Timaru to fix cars damaged in the hailstorm. They anticipated that repairing hail-damaged cars in Timaru would take at least six months.</Impact>
</Impacts>
</Hazard>
<Hazard type="Hail">
<Location name="St Andrews">
<gml:Point gml:id="St_Andrews_1" srsName="urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:6.6:4326" srsDimension="2">
<gml:pos>-44.5301 171.1909</gml:pos>
</gml:Point>
</Location>
<Impacts>
<Impact type="GeneralComment">Federated Farmers reported there had been significant crop damage near St Andrews.</Impact>
</Impacts>
</Hazard>
</Hazards>
</Region>
</Regions>
<References>
<Reference>
<Title>Insurance Council of New Zealand (https://www.icnz.org.nz/natural-disasters/cost-of-natural-disasters/)</Title>
<Type>Reference</Type>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Title>Headline: Giant hail stones hammer Timaru as storm moves up the country.</Title>
<Type>Reference</Type>
<Publisher>www.stuff.co.nz, 20 November 2019. </Publisher>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Title>Headline: Insurance companies face deluge of hail damage claims.</Title>
<Type>Reference</Type>
<Publisher>www.stuff.co.nz, 21 November 2019. </Publisher>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Title>Headline: Cars damaged in severe Timaru hailstorm failing warrents of fitness.</Title>
<Type>Reference</Type>
<Publisher>www.stuff.co.nz, 4 December 2019. </Publisher>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Title>Headline: Record insurance repairs for cars smashed by hail in Timaru.</Title>
<Type>Reference</Type>
<Publisher>www.stuff.co.nz, 23 December 2019. </Publisher>
</Reference>
</References>
</WeatherEvent>
</events>
</exist:result>
"""
root = et.fromstring(data)
ns = {'exist':'http://exist.sourceforge.net/NS/exist', 'niwa':'http://hwe.niwa.co.nz/schema/2011'}
results = root.findall('exist:result', ns)
for event in results:
weatherEvnt = event.find('niwa: events', ns)
for WE in weatherEvnt:
Ref = WE.find('niwa: WeatherEvent', ns)
for x in Ref.find('niwa: References', ns):
print(x.text)
问题至少包括:
根已经是exist:result
,所以初始
results = root.findall('exist:result', ns)
返回一个空列表,因为exist:result
没有这样的子级。
冒号后的名称空间前缀及其本地名称后不应有空格。例如niwa: events
应niwa:events
等。等
没有的文字孩子niwa:References
。
不确定确切的最终目标是什么,但是这段代码
import xml.etree.ElementTree as et
data = "" # As specified in question.
root = et.fromstring(data)
ns = {'exist':'http://exist.sourceforge.net/NS/exist',
'niwa':'http://hwe.niwa.co.nz/schema/2011'}
for ref in root.findall('.//niwa:Title', ns):
print('Title='+ref.text)
将演示成功选择命名空间XML中的文本,并输出:
Title= November 2019 Timaru Hail
Title=Insurance Council of New Zealand (https://www.icnz.org.nz/natural-disasters/cost-of-natural-disasters/)
Title=Headline: Giant hail stones hammer Timaru as storm moves up the country.
Title=Headline: Insurance companies face deluge of hail damage claims.
Title=Headline: Cars damaged in severe Timaru hailstorm failing warrents of fitness.
Title=Headline: Record insurance repairs for cars smashed by hail in Timaru.
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