具有这样的分类数据：
data.frame(id = c(1,2,3,4,5), stock1 = c(1,2,0,1,2), stock2 = c(0,1,0,1,1), end = c(0,1,3,0,3), start = c(2,3,0,1,0))
id stock1 stock2 end start 1 1 1 0 0 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 0 0 3 0 4 4 1 1 0 1 5 5 2 1 3 0
如何将它们从长格式转换为宽格式，从而每列都将显示是否存在特定名称？
预期输出示例：
data.frame(id = c(1,2,3,4,5), stock1_0 = c(0,0,1,0,0), stock1_1 = c(1,0,0,1,0), stock1_2 = c(0,1,0,0,1), stock2_0 = c(1,0,1,0,0), stock2_1 = c(0,1,0,0,0), end_0 = c(1,0,0,1,0), end_1 = c(0,1,0,0,0), end_3 = c(0,0,1,0,1), start_0 = c(0,0,1,0,1), start_1 = c(0,0,0,1,0), start_2 = c(1,0,0,0,0), start_3 = c(0,1,0,0,0))
id stock1_0 stock1_1 stock1_2 stock2_0 stock2_1 end_0 end_1 end_3 start_0 start_1 start_2 start_3 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 3 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
library(data.table)
setDT(df)
dcast(melt(df, 'id'),
id ~ paste0(variable, '_', value),
fun.aggregate = length)
# id end_0 end_1 end_3 start_0 start_1 start_2 start_3 stock1_0
# 1: 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
# 2: 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
# 3: 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
# 4: 4 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
# 5: 5 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
# stock1_1 stock1_2 stock2_0 stock2_1
# 1: 1 0 1 0
# 2: 0 1 0 1
# 3: 0 0 1 0
# 4: 1 0 0 1
# 5: 0 1 0 1
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